Depth sounding apparatus



Sept. 9, 1952 E. WOLF 2,510,244

DEPTH SOUNDING APPARATUS Filed June 5, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG.\

Sept. 9, 1952 E. WOLF 2,610,244

DEPTH SOUNDING APPARATUS Filed June 5, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 2

IN V EN TOR.

By W? Sept. 9, 1952 WOLF 2,610,244

DEPTH SOUNDING APPARATUS Filed June 5, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.

E. WOLF DEPTH SOUNDING APPARATUS Sept. 9, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 FiledJune 5, 1945 III FIG]

R m N m I Patented Sept. 9, 1952 UNITED. STATES PATENT?" OFF-ICE E TSOUNDING ABBARATUS.

Ezekiel Wolf, Dorchester, Massi, assignor, by-

mesne assignments, to Raytheon Manufacturingv Company, a corporation'ofDelaware- Appli cation June 5, 1945, Serial No. 59 7,68l,

27 Claims.

The present invention relates to a distance measuringtsystem and moreparticularly to a system for visually indicating and recording distancesand depths in particular in an aqueous medium for depth sounding.

The present invention contains many advantageous features but itsgeneral aim is to provide a depth sounding system in which a broad rangeof depths may be obtained both for brief visual indications and for apermanent record.

In the present invention the actual recording scale is comparativelylong but is separated into.

sections automatically chosen by the position of a hand dial withoutcalling upon the operator, to do any more than merely. to, note whetherany record of depth has beenmade.

The scale in the form described in the present specification is dividedinto four, sections covering the entire range for which the system is.

larly divided as the scale for the. written record.

and, also being simultaneously, controlled for proper choice of thesection of the scale by the same automatic arrangement as-is used incon.- nection with the recording of the depths.

The present invention is particularly adapted for depth sounding withthe useof either high frequency or low frequency compressional waves orimpact oscillatingelements and employs the principle of producing thesignal to be transmitted at the beginning of the time interval to bemeasured corresponding, except for adjustments, to a zero position onthe scale.

The means for accomplishingthis result and providing the otheradvantages of the invention, some of which have been mentioned above,will be more fully and readily understood on consideration of thespecification of the invention annexed hereto and taken in connectionwith the drawings showing an embodiment of the same in which:

Fig. 1 shows a general layout of the invention;

Fig. 2 shows a plan view ofthe recording and visual indicator with thecasing therefor removed;

Fig. 3 shows a side view looking from the right of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 shows a partialside view as seen from theleft ofFig. 2;

Fig.5 shows a sectional view on the line 5-.5 of Fig. 2';

Fig. 6 shows a detail of'the structure shown in plan in Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 isa sectional view on the line, 'l-| of Fig; 2;

Figg8 is a sectional 'detail'on the line 8-8 oi Fig fi; and

Fi is a ,Sectionaldetai-l on the line 9---9 of Fig.

In the generalsystem as indicated in Fig. 1,.

the, transmitted signal may. be of the compres: sional wave typetransmitted by a projector I undamped by intermittent oscillator signalsor as an impact signal and itmay be either directive or non-directive,whichever may be. desired. 2 indicates a receiver for receiving theecho. re-- fiected from the bottomwhich was transmitted from theprojector l. 3 is an amplifying device for amplifying the receivedsignal; and 4 is a.

visual indicator which may e of; the discharge type described in theUnited States Patent No. 1,667,540. This indicator, howevenis elongatedand extends substantially behind the complete length of section .ofscale'for which the visual. indicatoris to serve. This-will be explainedmore fullyrin connection with the discussion of Figs. 3 and 4..

In Fig- 1 the projector I may, be energized through alternatingcurrent-source 5 the operation of which .is controlled throu h, hesectional rangeselector switch 6 and the keying contacts.

l, 8,19 and 10.: The selectorswitch'arm ll of the switch 6 may selectone .of. four groups of contacts l2, l3, [4 or l5,.thus applying thepower source 5 selectivelyto either of the keying contacts 1,8, 9 0rd 0,respectively. Keying is effected by, the keyingcamrlfi which'hasrelatively the sameposition as theindicating stylus ll,iboth carried bythe belt [8 which also provides, the visual indication, as. will bedisclosed later. The keying cam 16, as indicated in Fig.1, has alreadyclosed the contacts 'I whilethe switch arm H. has closed the. contact[2. indicated in Fig.1 the projector l is transmitting a signal and ataninstant later the keying cam 16 will have passed, beyond the contact.1 and the signalwill have ended. The contact 1 may,

of course, control a secondary relay or keying device for producing ashorter or a longer signal if this is necessary.

The echo .receivedby the receiver .2 will be visually produced on. thelong neon tube 4 and also by themarkin of. thestylus I1. on a recordingpaperas this stylus passes over the pa er, The electricaLcircuit forthis is tied in series,

withthe neon tube 4 and is effected through the conductor I9,'thecontact brush. 20, the con-.

ducting belt Hi, the recording paperZl and. the

grounded roll 16 from which the circuit is returning to theground 23 onthe amplifier.

If the switch arm... .had been, turned to-a. position to close thecontact [3, thenthe keying.

contacts .foroperating the system. would be Thus. at the instant changedto the contacts 8 and therefore, as the belt [8 is movin in thedirection of the arrow 24, the contact 8'would be closed prior tothetime that the stylus I1 comes to the position shown in Fig. 1.

Under these conditions the signal would 7,

have been transmitted an intervalpof time cor;-

responding to that needed for the stylus to travel from a positionadjacent the contacts 8 to the beginning of the recordingpaper-,tandtherefore the depth recorded in the same section of the ingcam. The final section of the scale is used when the cam arm l-I closesthe contacts 15 and the contacts I serve as the keying contacts.

The switch and H is carried by the shaft 25 which simultaneously turnsnot only the switch armIl l .but also the cams 26, 21 and the scalerecorder carh 28.v The elements. 26, 21 and 28 control the establishmentof i the proper scale selection. f

In thepresent system the scale is in a number of sections equal to thenumber of keying contacts and each change or switch position, namelyposition of the switch arm ll; presents the nevi/scale section. I For,recording-,.the proper scale sectioninzthe present invention is'printedontherecordi ng paper, the printing cam 28 con- 34 which'normallyisheld' in the dotted-line po--' sition as indicated by -34' except duringthe. moment onlwhich a printed record is to beproduced by .the. type asw'illbe described later.

The cams 23, 2Tand'1 28- in setting'for the proper range section aremoved in a clockwise direction, With regard to the cam 26 it will be 4noted that the cam bulge 35 has passed the finger 3.5.but 'sinceitispresumed that the solenoid 31 has already been energized through thecontacts 38, completing the circuit over the power source I 39, thefinger'36 will be in a raised position and contacts 40.'and 4| ;,will betogether, completing the circuit through the, power source 42-to thetime .delay relayflrepe'ater. 43,. which is alongtime delay relay of theorder of perhaps four minutes between operation after the current hasbeen applied and which will repeatits operation in such intervals duringwhich the power. is applied. After the time interval established bytherelay 43 has expired, the relay will act to energizethe solenoid 44through the damped switch contact mechanism which normally willbe in aclosed position as indicated by the dotted-line position 46, of theshaft 41. The shaft or arm. is pivoted at one end 48 to a supportingbracket49 which may be supported from a casing or support as indicatedat 50. Thispivoted armpr'shaft 48 has linked to it thesolenoid plungerengaging the solenoid 44 and through the piston 59 the dashpot 52carrying the switch 45. A spring 53'retains the arm 41 in its upperposition under normal conditions and inthis position the U-shapedbracket 34 pivoted at both ends by pivots 54 is maintained in ahorizontal position. The shaft 41 is connected to the bracket 34 througha toggle link 55 which offsets the joint of the shaft 41 with the link55 from the pivot center 54 so as to permit the upward pull of thespring 53 to swing the bracket 34 clockwise to its dotted-linepositionindicated in Fig. 1.

As this bracket comes up to its dotted-line position, it initiallycloses the contacts 38 by the forceof its motion but these contacts areagain opened by the action of the spring 56 pressing 'against the sideplatef51 attached at the edge. of V the bracket 34. When the solenoid44' is energized, the arm 41 is pulled downward, thus, draw-1 ingthebracket 34. to its full-line position shown in Fig. 1. The dashpot 52,which is supported on the spring arm 58, is .not forced down until thepiston 59 has built up pressure in the. charm ber 60. With pressurebuilt" up in the chamber 60, the spring arm 58 1s forceddownward,'opening the contacts at 45 and thereby breakingnthe solenoidcircuit, thus permitting the. strength of the spring 53 toretract thebracket again to its dotted-line position. In doing this, as1 has beenpreviously stated, the contact 38. is closed, thusenergizing thesolenoid 31 and closing the contacts 4lland 4|v if these arenot'previously closed. Power will therefore againor still be applied tothe relay 43 through the line 42 and the printing of the scale willagain take place at the proper time interval. This interval is so timedthat the recording paper 2| will have moved substantially a distancecorresponding to the portion of the record Whichremains visible so thatthere will always be on the recording chart a printed record of thescale to which the indications are referred.

Initially, when the shaft 25 hasbeenturned, the cam projection 35 of thecam 26 willdepress' the finger 36 and make contact between the con- 1This will apply power'to the re tactsMandBI. lay 62 from the powersource 42 and, therefore,

when the cam finger 63 closes the relay contact 64, the relay 62 willoperate after its selectedtime delay which is usually of a short timeduration, perhaps to seconds, During this interval a record will be madeof the depth if therightscale has been chosen and if not the operatorwill'tu'rn the shaft further to a different section of the system untilhe obtains a sounding record. If a sounding record is obtained, thesettingwill be left in its proper position and a proper record will beproduced. If a sounding recordis ob-.

tained after the operator has left the selector arm in a position for anumber of seconds, then theaction of the relay 62 will also operate thesolenoid and produce the same printing of the scale as previouslydescribed. However, when the contact 38 is closed, the contact finger 36will be drawn upward to complete the contact between the contacts and41, thus placing in operation the relay switch 43 for continuedoperation at the longer time intervals required to produce a print; ingof the scale record in continued operation.

The contact finger 36 is locked to make contact between the contacts 40and 4| or the contacts 4| and GI. The contact between 4| and BI is madeonly when the cam 26 has been turned and directly thereafter accordingto the timeint'erval established by the relay 62. The recording paper 2|will be printed by the action of the type num bers 29 against the inkingplate 93.

The. cam .2 8 1 which :carries .the type: 2 9. is raised; 1 when .thebar. .41. hasbeen ,loweredr... This: is-..ac.:-. complished .by. meansof-thecsolenoid 65.;--.the:.;circuit 'of .which is closed: through thecurrent sup p1y;..66 and. the contacts 6'! and .;68',1wvhi.ch: thexbar:4 41. brings together;asrthe.inking platev 93.;iswings intozprintingpositionr: Directly. .afteratheirelay fizwhastacted. and; the. printing..of; the scale .::has been eiiected; the bracket ,34lxand. barAI-Larare-r turned to normaLppeningthe. cirouitgto thegeoililol 65*permitting. .the type: bar to; drop.-.back1i-to;sits normal .position;-.

. ltiyvi-llgbeixnoted also-thatzthexcam 121; cQntrolsz: theoperation-of. pairs of contacts'li i, :1 I; IO-and .69, all connected:into the initiallyzoperating.relayyfi'z :1 while-the camuZB as itisturned. switches the sup 1 ply. 42: from the relay. 43 tothe; relay.1B2.':..'Ihe grep lay. 62 will not operate-.untilthezcam projection 63 hasclosed. the. pair of. contacts .64.;or; i ;any: range. position, one of3 the pairs of. contacts :69; 10 .20; or H. so that, directly after .asettingghascbeenei made. corresponding, to .a selected. range section,theprinting. ofthe'scale willtakeplace on the recording paper butganumber of sounding measurements have been made and :recorded; The; belt18 carryingthje keying, projection 16 will close contacts 1, l0, 9 and 8a number of:times=beforethe scale printing is efieoted sonthat,"whichever section of the range has been-selected,;a number. ofsignalswill be i sent. out and records made if the depth is within the.rangeselected: 'Ihiszis,- necessary since the recording; stylus rl 1}may; not. be on the paper 2| at: the timetheincomingzecho isreceived-sinceit is only. on the paper 1/.n ofythe. time of its cyclearound thebelt; l8 wherem is the-.2 number :of sections in the complete:scale.

If a signalhasbeen giyenzby-the keying Of-the contacts I, the echo, inorder .to,,be;recorded, :yvill have to. return beforethe;stylushasprogressectto the. place occupied by thecontactsslfl. vThis'isithe:40 short range. 1 If the echo. does,notreturnzimthis;: time,thenthe contacts .8- should haverbeenkeyed; .f or the contacts 9 or l-odepending upon thedeptih. The operator. will, I therefore,: turnx theshaft; .25, rotating the selector arm lli Whichwill energize; contacts Ifor the shallowestdepth 8,,for the-next shallowest and so on--through -9and ll); untilxl a record is produced by .;one of them. Sincetherea; areone or .twoor moresoundings per second, the: 5. action .of printing thetype-Will be-delayedthrough1s control of the-operation of the relaylitanjinterval of ten seconds more or less to permita fewsoundingsandrecords to. be :madezbefore: printing. Each setting of. thecam 21:establishessa new :beginning of time of .-action for the,relay 62;since. when the cam projector 63' leaves the contacts 364, 69, I0 and H,they immediately-open, thuspreventing any action of relay occurringwhich otherwise would have taken place if the camwas-permittedto remainin any oneposition. The operator has therefore the time ofnormal-operation: of the relay 62 within which to see if a sounding hasbeen received. If one has been IBOfiiVBdyhG leaves theselector arm atthat posi-tion'and,-within the timeof operation established by the relay165 62,.the printing on .therange on :the recording; sheet 2 I iseffected.

The schematic circuit shown in. Fig.1 indicates, the operation mainly inconnection with-therecording system. A scale is also selectedfor thevisual'indicator simultaneously with .the selec. tion of the properscale for thepermanentrecorder. The mechanism forthis vand :ior. :the- 1recording system is shown more in ta l'l ni otherfigures of theapplication.

' riodsof time, then a, low-speedipaperqfeed may:

Referring. more particularly J:.to;FigS. ;2,:.'3 andA- the recordingaper? l'iissuppliedviroma .rolls:,'l.2-.: carried on 1the, spindle1. 113which. is-: removably.-:' journaled in the. side supporting frames 14.and'JE iFrom this roll the papergoes'overthe 'smallco nerroll 76 andoverthe sprocket rollr'lB whichis... the driving roll of the system and.finallyrewoundi on therewind rollJB whichissupported: by the: Ispindley8fl; Constant. speedrdrive is obtained;.ithrough thesynchronousxmotor .8l WhiOh?dIiVeS..; the worm wheel 82 and the.wormgear 83=Which. isdirectly mountedonthe drive shaft. carry-1ingqthe-sprocket gear1:'l8 for drawing. .the;paper by; engagement in thesprocket: holes .89.: The

:shaft also carries the pulley: whichidrives-p a spring chain 9!. The;spring chain '9! passes-5. over a pulley 9Zconnected to the spindlegafliand. 1 drives therefore-the rewind .roll .19 tending to turn; but forthe spring s1ip,;-at a slightlyhighwspfied than that/at which the paperis pulled so .asxto maintain an even =-tension on the paper atzal times.Suflicient sli is provided by the'.SpI'iHg pulley 9| so that a uniformtension is maintained: on the paper feed.

Diiferent but constant speeds-pf: thepmotor 8| may be obtained byshifting the synchronous; frequency atwhich the motor 8|? is. operated.This feature may be advantageously' usedr since the paper drive in thepresent'case is independent; of the drive of the stylus and the keyingcon-r1: tacts, the speeds" of which mustrbe accuratelyqg. maintainedcorresponding to .theseale which: is used. When a deep portion of"the-scale is *usedrr or when the recorderis to. be usedovertlongapebeused by changingsthe. synchronous :irequeney: from 60 cyclesto 20.0r30"cycles byswitchingzinisa diiferentirequency supply in the systems:Iffor some, reason no record is desired, .thexmotor; .8 It. may bestopped anclthe. discharge indicatoirtsys tem' alone used.

The method of producing the printingz'of;they: range on-the recordingpaper .Wi11.;11OW- b rd scribed,ythe same reference'numeralsi'beingiusedas those indicated in Fig. l. Referringmorepar-sn ticularly to Figs. 5and .7,"it,will be'seenthatither bracket, 34 extends around in aueshape-"with square corners andthat the inking-plate"93xis maintainedon the. exposed face of the. long .pori-xi tion'yof the bracketextending -acrossi;thet .iwidth-sr dimension of the recorder.Directlygbeneath ithew inking plate 93= is the type bar 28'.'WhiCh'fiSSLIDE ported for free vertical. motion in the; side super portingbrackets and .15; These side jsuDPQrt- ,ing bracketsare cut away inchannels 'I I2 (Pig y 9) in which rectangular bearing blocks. l l3rest.in.which the shaft 25is journaled. This 0011-. struction provides guidesto permit freemp;- and down motionof the type ha and the. sup--' portingshaft which carriesv it. Thesupporting, shaft. 25 which carries allthree cams .26,.21.and 28. also rotates freely in blocks 94 and .95.car- I ried outside of the supporting guide. These blocks 94 and 95 areof magnetic, material andj arefreely supported for limited vertical movement (see Fig. 5) by the fork brackets Miami 91: each of which has twoarms and is provided with slots 98;98 through which supporting screws99" 1 pass, retaining thebars M and 95 but permitting: .freeupwardguided motion of the shaft 25 anditsi Whole assembly.

The magnet coil indicated diagrammatically": as-.65:in Fig. 1 isactually comprised. ofrthefour; electromagnets 100; Hill, 100,lilo-mounted; onthe; arms of the cores l 0 l 3| l1 Which are, supported:by;

7 the frame. The shaft 25 asviewed in Fig. 5 has'at its right endtwo'gears, positioned at right angles with: each other, I02 and I03,journaled in a right angle bracket I04. The gear I03 carries the'shaftextension I05 telescoping into a sleeve I06. The shaft I05 and sleeveI06 are keyed together by means of the pin I! attached tothe shaft Iwhich moves in the slot I08 formed in the "sleeve I06." The sleeve I06passes through the supporting wall I09 of the casing and has at itsexternal end the range-setting knob IIO by which the desired range isselected and shown on theindicator dial I I I. .Wh-en the electromagnetsI00 are energized, the magnetic blocks 94 and 35 are drawn upwards,drawing up (referring to Fig. 5) the whole assembly of the shaft 25 andeverything which is attached to it"including the cams 26, 21, the typebar or cam 28 and the rightangle gear assembly to the right of Fig. 5.As previously explained in connection with the explanation of Fig.1,'this occurs after the inking plate has been brought into positionandthe equally-balanced pull on' the shaft 25 produces a printing of thescale on the paper beneath the inking plate which is the side of thepaper which is viewed by the operator.

Normally, when the printing mechanism is not operating, the plate 93 isin contact with the inking pad 93' (Fig. 3) attached to the frame orcasing and in a position so that its face and the face of the plate 03are in contact with each other. In this way the inking pad is alwayscoveredand will remain fresh.

The indicating mechanism for both producing a visual indicating and apermanent record is shown more particularly in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 withdetails being shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8.

'Theen'dless'belt I8 of Fig. l is shown by the same. number I8 in Fig.2. This belt is joined preferably by means of a hinged link I I5, Figs.2 and 3, in which the hinging pin H6 is extended and on which is mounteda stylus chuck I 1! carrying the stylus wire N. This stylus wire, asindicated in Fig. 3, is bent downward at an angle to bear upon therecording paper 2| as it passes over the conductive roll I6.

It will be noted that the type bar in printing comes to bear beside theroll I6 so that the marking of the range on the recording paper occursat the beginning where the record is made. Since the inking plate isnormally retracted, the re-' cording'paper will be visible from thepoint at which the record is made.

The endless belt I8 is provided with sprocket holes IIIlmeshing with thesprocket gears H9 and H3 driven by the shaft I20 through the worm' wheeldrive I2I by the feed control driving motor I22. The endless belt I8also carries the keying cam assembly I 23. This comprises an anglebracket I24 which is attached at one end of the pin H6 and which at itsother end rides in a channel shaped guideway I25 extending all aroundthe belt I3 but inwardly offset from it. The pin or shaft I I6 maythereby be freely journaled, the angle bracket I24 serving to maintainthe stylus I! always in the proper position as it is being drawn overthe corner roll I6. The guide channel. I25 may be supported by bracketsI26 which, in turn, are attached by arms IT! to the frame of themachine. The angle piece I24 supports a yoke I28 carrying the ends of abar I20 on which the keying finger I6 is supported. The keying finger I6may be adjusted in position onthe arm I29 "and locked by means of a setscrew I3I. Spaced in'the pathof the keying finger I6 are the keyingcontacts I, B, 9 and I0.

The neon tube indicator 4 is positioned abeneath the upper flat sectionof the endless belt and will flash upon'the receipt of an echo. The

belt itself is provided with a transverse slot I30 by. means ofwhich'the depth or distance reading is made. This slot and the stylus,since they are carried in relative fixed positions, provide the sameindication, one a record and-the other a visual mark. Just over theendless belt and' positioned longitudinal of it adjacent the path of theslot is a measuring scale I32 beside which is the calibrating scale I33which generally-is marked'in the same way as the type cam 28 except thatthe calibrated bar I33 is to be read rather than used for printing. Thiscalibrated bar is connected lby'a sprocket chain I34 (Fig. 4)

to the sprocket wheel I35,Fig. 5, in a one-to-one ratio so that, whenthe handle IIOis turned, the bar I33 is rotated with the printing bar orcam I28 and the same scale appears for the visual scale as for theprinted record. This construction is more clearly seen in Fig. 2, thecalibrated bar I33 being supported on the shaft I36 on which thesprocket wheel I3! is mounted with which the sprocket chain I34 meshes.

The operation of the recording system has already been described. Thevisual system operatescorrespondingly in the same way. If the distances,for instance, from zero to one hundred feet or fathom, are to bemeasured, then the scale zero to one hundred will be employed and thekeying will take place on the keying contacts I at the instant that boththe slot I30 and the stylus I! are opposite the zero of the scale. Ifdepths from one hundred to two hundred are to be measured, keying willtake place on the contacts 8 before the stylus and the slot I30 havereached the zero position. If the operator should have the indicator setso that no soundingrecord or visual indication appears, then he willturn the knob IIO observing fora few seconds after each one quarter of aturn until a sounding is obtained. The correct scale will always bepresented to whatever position the selector knob I I 0 has been turned.Since the paperfeed motor 8I and the time motor I22 are eachindependently operated if it is desired to use only the visual indicatorinstead of providing a record', the paper feed motor may be 'stopped andHaving now described my'invention, I claim:

1. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances are measuredby the time interval between the transmission of a signal and thereceipts of the echo and recorded on a recording paper which is advancedin one direction, a recording stylus which is moved in a directiontransverse to the motion of the paper over it, means for printing asection of a range measuring scale on the recording paper durinoperation v of said system, means for adjusting the time of .productionof the transmitted signal with respect to the zero range position of thestylus on the scale and means operated in accordanc with the amount ofsaid adjustment for selecting the scale section to be printed.

2. a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances are measured bythe time interval between the transmission of a signal-and the receiptof the echo and recorded on a recording paper which is advanceduniformly in one direction, a-recording stylus, an endless belt carryinsaid stylus arranged and disposed to move the same over the recordingpaper in a direction transverse to the motion of the paper, means tomove said belt at a desired speed,'means for keying the transmittedsignal at selected positions of the recording stylus with reference tothe recording paper, a range measuring scalehaving a plurality ofsections each corresponding to acertain range region, means for printinga section of said scale on the recording paper during the operation ofthe system, the section of the measuring scale to be printed and thechoiceof the keying position of the stylus with respect to the paperhaving a single control-element-arranged to choose a keyingposition andrange section such that the range section chosencorresponds to the rangeregion from which echoes can return I while the stylus is disposedtomark the :paper.

3. In a system of the echo type wherein depths I or distances aremeasuredby the timeinterval between the transmission of a signalandreceipt of the echo and recorded'on a recording paper which is advanceduniformly in one direction, by

Way of a recording stylus moving over the recording paper in a directiontransverse to the motion of the paper, means for printing-asection of'ameasuring scale on therecordingpaipercomprising means having sections ofthe measuring scale mountedin transverse alignment with respect to themotion of the paper, means for selecting the section of the measuringscale tobe printed in accordance with the range region being explored,

means for keying the transmitted signal at-selected positions of therecording stylus'with reference to the recording paper in accordancewithsaid range region being explored, and 'means operable for striking themeasuring-scale against the recording paper toprovide a print of the Iselected section of the measuringscale thereon.

4. In a system of the echo type wherein depths w or distances aremeasured by the -time interval between the transmission of asignalandreceipt of the echo and recorded on a'recording-paper which isadvanced uniformly in-onedirection, by way of a recording stylus-movingover the recording paper in a directiontransverse to the motion of thepaper, means-forprintinga section of ameasuring scale on the'recordingpaper comprising a shaft having a" plurality of fiat faces on each ofwhich the type-of a section of the measuring scale is'mounted; means forselecting the sectionof the measuring scale tobeprinted in accordancewith the range region being explored, means mounting said shafttransversely across said. paper adjacent the face thereof, means forforcing said shaft-against said paper for printing :theselected"section-of the scale thereon. I

5. In a system of the echo typewherein depths or distances are measuredby the'time interval between the transmission of a signal'and-receipt ofthe echo and recorded on a' recording paper which is advanced uniformlyin one 'direction, by way of a recording stylus moving overthe recordingpaper in a direction transverse to the -motion of the paper, means forprinting asection of 'a measuring scaleon the recordingpaper-,comprising a shaft having a-plurality of flat facespn I each of whichthe type of a section-'of'the-measuring scale ismounted, means'for'sele'ctiri'g the section of the measuring scale to be'printedinaccordance with the range region being explored, means mounting saidshaft transversely across "said paper adjacent the face thereof,electromagnetic means positioned at each end of "the shaft for drawing 1the shaft against the paper for printing the selected section of thescale thereon. 6. In a system of the echo type wherein depths ordistances areimeasured oythe time interval between the transmission of asignal andreceipt of the echo and recorded ona recording paper I whichis advanced uniformly in one direction, by

way of a recording stylus movingovertherecording paper in a directiontransverse to the motion of thepaper, means for printing asection ofameasuring scale on the recording paper,=comprising a shaft having aplurality of flat faces on "each of which .the type of a section of themeasi uring sc'aleismounted, means for selecting'the section of themeasuring scale to be'printed in accordance withthe range region beingexplored, means mounting said shaft transversely across saidpaperadjacent the face thereoLmeans-for forcing said shaft against said paperfor printing the selected section of the scale thereon, means for keyingthe transmitted signal at select'ed positions of the recording styluswith-reierence to the recording paper in accordance with said rangereg-ion being explored, and unitary -means operable both for selectingthe position of keying and the corresponding section of the scale to beprinted.

7. In a system of the echo type wherein depths ondistances are measuredby the timeinterval between the transmission of asignal andthe-receipt'of the echo'and recorded on a recording paper which isadvanced uniformly in one direction, a recording stylus, an endless beltcarrying said stylus arranged and disposed to move the "same over therecording paper in adirection transverse to'the motion of thepaper;means driving said beltat a desired rate, means for keying thetransmitted signal at selected positions: of the r'ecor'ding stylus withreference to therecordingpaper, means "for printing a sec- 1 tion: of ameasuring scale on the recording paper during the operation of thesystem; a control elementmanually-operable for selecting the choice ofthe relative position of the stylus withrespect :-to the: paper and thesection of the measuring flrscale to be printedandmeans delaying theaction 31 of theiprinting foran interval after'the manual operationofsaid control element.

8; In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances are-measuredby the'time interval between thetransmission of a signal and there--.ceipt of the echo and recorded onarecording paper which is advanceduniformly in one direction, a recording stylus, anendless belt'carryingsaid stylus arranged and disposed to move the same over the recordingpaper in a direction transverse to the-motion of the paper, means Ymeansperiodica'lly operable thereafterfor effect- 3ing'r'epeatedprinting of said scale sections.

9. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances are measuredby the time interval between the transmission of a signal and thereceipt of the echo and recorded on a recording paper which is advanceduniformly in one direction, a recording stylus, an endless belt carryingsaid stylus arranged and disposed to move the same over the recordingpaper in a direction transverse to the motion of the paper, meansdriving said belt at a desired rate, means for keying the transmittedsignal at selected positions of the recording stylus with reference tothe recording paper, means for printing a section of 'a measuring scaleon the recording paper'durin'g the operation of the system, comprisingan inking plate, means carrying the scale sections mounted beneath therecording paper across the same, independent means operable together forfirst swinging said inking plate in a position over the paper and thendrawing up said scale section against said paper at a position oppositesaid inking plate, and means operable thereafter for restoring saidinking plate and scale to its normal inoperative position.

10. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of the echo and recorded on a recording paper which isadvanced uniformly in one direction, a recording stylus, an endless beltcarrying said stylus arranged and disposed to move the same over therecording paper in a direction transverse to the motion of the paper,means driving said belt at a desired rate, means for keying thetransmitted signal at selected positions of the recording stylus withreference to the recordingpaper, said keying means being carried by saidendless belt and an endless guide channel parallel to said belt andenclosed by the same for maintaining said stylus in a chosen position.

11. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of the echo and recorded on a recording paper which isadvanced uniformly in one direction, a recording stylus, an endless beltcarrying said stylus mounted thereon arranged and disposed to move thesame over the recording paperin a direction transverse to the motion ofthe paper, means driving said belt at a desired rate, means mounted onsaid belt for keying the transmitted signal'at selected positions of therecording stylus with reference to therecording paper, a dischargevisual indicating means positioned parallel to said endless belt andcovered by the same, said endless belt having a window marking theindication of measurement relative to a scale, and scale meanspositioned beside the belt for indicating the depth.

12. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances aremeasured by the time interval between'the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of the echo, means for producing L permanent mark one. paperindicating the receipt of the echo including a stylus arranged to moveacross the paper, means providing a scale of depths to be printed on thepaper, said means being divided into a plurality of scale sections eachof which provides indicia embracing a, different consecutive section ofthe total scaler depth range, means for selecting the section to beprinted corresponding to a desired range of depths to be explored, andmeans for adjusting the'time of production of the transmitted signal sothat onlyechoes from the object lying said 12 desired range will returnwhile said moving stylus means is disposed to mark the paper. r

13. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of the echo and recorded on a recording paper which isadvanced uniformly in one direction, arecording stylus, an endless beltcarrying said stylus arranged and disposed to move the same over therecording paper in a direction transverse to the motion of the paper,means driving saidbelt at a desired rate, means for keying thetransmitted signal, said keying means being carried by said endlessbeltand an endless guide channel parallel to said belt and enclosed by thesame for maintaining said stylus ina chosen position. V v

14. In a system of the echo type 'wherein depths or distances aremeasured by the timeinterval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of the echo and recorded on a recording paper which isadvanced uniformly in one direction, a recording stylus, an endless beltcarrying said stylus arranged anddisposed to move the same over therecording paper in a direction transverse to the motion of the paper,means driving said belt at a desired rate, means affixed to and carriedby said belt for keying the transmitted signal, a discharge visualindicating means positioned parallel to said endless belt a and coveredby the same, said endless belt having a window marking the indication ofmeasurement relative to a scale, and scale means positioned beside thebelt'for indicating the depth.

15. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or. distances aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of the echo and recorded on a recording paper which isadvanced uniformly in one direction, a recording stylus, an endlesscarrier for said stylus arranged and disposed to move the same over therecording paper in a direction transverse to the motion of the paper,means driving said carrier at a desired rate, and means mounted on saidcarrier for keying the transmitted signal.

1 6. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of the echo and recorded on a recording paper which; isadvanced uniformly in one direction, a recording stylus, an endlesscarrier for said stylus arranged and disposed to move the same over therecording paper in a direction transverse to the motion of the paper,means driving said carrier at a desired rate, means on said carrier forkeying the transmitted signal, a discharge visual indicating meanspositioned parallel to said endless carrier, a scale positionedbesidethe carrier for indicating the depth, and means on said carrier formarking the indication of said indicator relative to said scale.

17. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances aremeasuredby the time interval between the transmission of a signal and thereceipt of an echov and indicated by :an eleselect one of said scalesand to position the same parallel to the path of said element, and meansto initiate the transmission of said signal at the beginning of saidtime interval regardless :of the scale selected.

18. In a system of the echo type-wherein j "depths or distances aremeasured by thetime interval between thetransmission of a signal aridthe receipt of an echo and indicated by an elementwhich is movedat acontrolled rate' with;

respect; to a distance scale, an-endlessbeltp-ineans aflixing'saidelement to said-belt, means providtransmission of said signal at thebegining of said time interval regardless of the scale selected.

19. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of an echo and recorded on a recording paper through themedium of a recording stylus moved over the paper, elongated meanspositioned parallel to the path of said stylus during'recording, saidelongated means bearing on successive elongated faces successivesections of a measuring scale, said sections corresponding to successiveportions of said time interval, means employing said elongated means forperiodically printing a desired scale section on the recording paper,and means adjusting the time of production of the transmitted signal tocoincide at all times with the beginning of said time interval.

20. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of an echo, an endless belt having a window therein, meansto drive said belt at a desired rate, an elongated discharge visualindicator positioned'adjacent said belt parallel to the path of saidwindow, and means mounted on and carried by said belt for keying thetransmitted signal.

21. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of the echo and recorded on a record medium which isadvanced in a prescribed direction, a recording instrument, an endlesscarrier for said instrument, arranged and disposed to move the same overthe record medium in a direction transverse to said prescribeddirection, means to drive said carrier at a desired rate, and elongatedmeans disposed parallel to the path of said carrier over said medium andadjacent to said carrier, and arranged to engage said carrier forguiding said recording instrument in a prescribed path as it traversessaid record medium, said guiding means extending throughout and definingthe direction of said path.

22. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of the echo and recorded on a record medium which isadvanced in a prescribed direction, a recording instrument, an endlesscarrier for said instrument, arranged and disposed to move the same overthe record medium in a direction transverse to said prescribeddirection, means to drive said carrier at a desired rate, means disposedadjacent to said carrier for guiding said recording instrument in aprescribed path as it traverses said record medium, said guiding meansextending throughout and defining the direction of said path, and meansmounted on said carrier for, keying the transmitted signal.

23. In a system of the echoi type wherein depths or distances aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of the echo and recorded on a record medium whichis'advanced in a prescribed direction, a recording instrument, anendless carrier for a said instrument, arranged and disposed to "movethe same over the record medium; in a direction transverse tosaidprescribed direction,

said instrument beingfixedlymounted -:o'n-s aid carrier; means to drivesaid carrier at a desired rate, and means mountedonsaid carrier. infixed relation with respect to said recording instrument for keying thetransmitted signal.

24. In a system of the echo type wherein depths or distances aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of the echo and recorded on a record medium, a, recordmedium, a platform whereon said medium rests, signal transmission meanssupported from said platform adjacent said medium, medium marking means,an endless belt on which said marking means is mounted disposed adjacentsaid medium and means to drive said belt to carry said marking meansacross said medium in marking relation, means to bring a received signalto said marking means, and means fixed directly to said marking means toactuate said signal transmission means.

25. In a system of the echo type wherein distances or depths aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of an echo and recorded on a record medium, means providinga record medium, signal transmission means fixedly positioned adjacentsaid medium, an elongated flexible body, means hingedly joining the twoends of said body to form an endless belt, a medium-marking stylus andan actuator for said signal transmission means both mounted on saidjoining means, and pulley means adjacent said medium for holding saidbelt and moving said stylus over said medium to mark said medium andcarrying said actuator into cooperative relation with said signaltransmission means.

26. In a system of the echo type wherein distances or depths aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of an echo and recorded on a record medium, means providinga record medium, signal transmission means fixedly positioned adjacentsaid medium, an endless belt, unitary means holding a medium-markingstylus and an actuator for said signal transmission means in fixedmutual relation, means mounting said unitary means on said belt, andpulleymeans adjacent said medium for holding said belt and moving saidstylus over said medium to mark the same and carrying said actuator intocooperative relation with said signal transmission means.

27. In a system of the echo type wherein distances or depths aremeasured by the time interval between the transmission of a signal andthe receipt of the echo, recorder apparatus which records said intervalon a record medium by a marking instrument which is drawn across saidmedium, pulley wheels which are mounted at opposite sides of therecording medium, an endless belt guided. over said pulley wheels, acarrier attached to said endless belt, a marking instrument mounted onsaid carrier, and means for keying the transmitted signal mounted onsaid carrier.

EZEKIEL WOLF.

(References on following page) Sproule Jan 18, 1944 15 716 REFERENCESCITED Number V ;Na,me Date 4 2,350,994 7 Anderson 1 -June'13, 194fil'glgef f1lljezfernces are of record 111 the g i Eul-Lh-L" A ias?! -,Vric e a.' Oc.

UNITED STATES PATENTS r 2,394,286 B1aisde11 Feb. 5." 1946 Number NameDate 2,397,038 Obenshain et a1. Mar; 19, 1946 1,088,129 Gone 1- Feb. 24,1914 2,397,175 White Mar 26, 1946 1,451,900 Diegel -1 Apr. 17, 19232,407,330 Turner, Jr. Sept; 10,.1946 1,732,718 Gluel -1 Oct. 22, 19292,410,835 Montague Nov. 12. 1946 2,154,066 De Giers Apr. 11-, 1939 102,421,834 I Crowther June 10, 1947 2,326,880 Norrman Aug,- 17, 19432,463,328 Sproule Mar. 1,1949

.Smith Apr, 25, 1950

